家属培训对长期住院慢性精神分裂症患者康复的影响

目的探讨家属心理护理、生活技能培训在长期住院的慢性精神分裂症患者康复治疗中的作用。方法选取有家庭监护条件的长期住院的精神分裂症患者126例,将其随机分为干预组(66例)和对照组(60例)。干预组由心理咨询师对患者家属进行心理护理、生活技能培训,然后对患者实施假出院3个月。对照组患者仍住院治疗。实施前后采用护士用住院患者观察量表(NOS-IE)、自尊量表(SES)进行测试。结果干预后干预组NOSIE及SES评分显著优于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论家属心理护理、生活技能培训用于长期住院的慢性精神分裂症患者,可使其社会能力、生活技能提高,激惹、抑郁等消极情绪减少;自尊水平提升。     

miR-204-3p/Nox4 Mediates Memory Deficits in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

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Effects of a Chinese medical herbs complex on cellular immunity and toxicity-related conditions of breast cancer patients

Rose geranium (Pelargonium graveolens, Geraniaceae) has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties, and promotes wound healing. Similarly, Ganoderma tsugae (Ganodermataceae), Codonopsis pilosula (Campanulaceae) and Angelica sinensis (Apiaceae) are traditional Chinese herbs associated with immunomodulatory functions. In the present study, a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to examine whether the Chinese medicinal herb complex, RG-CMH, which represents a mixture of rose geranium and extracts of G. tsugae, C. pilosula and A. sinensis, can improve the immune cell count of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy to prevent leucopenia and immune impairment that usually occurs during cancer therapy. A total of fifty-eight breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy or radiotherapy were enrolled. Immune cell levels in patient serum were determined before, and following, 6 weeks of cancer treatment for patients receiving either an RG-CMH or a placebo. Administration of RG-CMH was associated with a significant reduction in levels of leucocytes from 31·5?% for the placebo group to 13·4?% for the RG-CMH group. Similarly, levels of neutrophils significantly decreased from 35·6?% for the placebo group to 11·0?% for the RG-CMH group. RG-CMH intervention was also associated with a decrease in levels of T cells, helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells compared with the placebo group. However, these differences between the two groups were not statistically significant. In conclusion, administration of RG-CMH to patients receiving chemotherapy/radiotherapy may have the capacity to delay, or ease, the reduction in levels of leucocytes and neutrophils that are experienced by patients during cancer treatment.     

从政务热线视角探究某市儿童医院信访减生对策

目的：分析某市儿童医院信访诉求受理现状并据此提出信访减生的建议;方法：选取该院2017—2018年度受理的政务热线工单,通过Excel和SPSS工具整理分析政务热线档案数据,统计诉求的原因、人员分布信息;结果：通过对2017—2018年度政务热线工单的数据分析,结果显示：医疗资源不足问题是诉求产生的主要原因,占比29.7%;投诉的主要责任人员是医生,占比22.6%。结论：信访在一定程度上反映了医院管理及服务中的不足,是医院宝贵的管理资源。医院应及时分析投诉发生的现状及原因,并积极采取改进措施,以不断构建和谐医患关系。     

Molecular evolution of hepatitis A virus in a human diploid cell line

AIM: To investigate the hotspots, direction, and the time course of evolution of hepatitis A virus in the process of consecutive cell culture passage in human KMB17 diploid cells. METHODS: Wild type hepatitis A virus H2w was serially propagated in KMB17 cells until passage 30, and the full-length genomes of H2w and its six chosen progenies were determined by directly sequencing RT-PCR products amplified from viral genomic RNA. Alignment comparison of sequences from H2w with its six progenies and phylogenetic analysis of the whole VP1 region from H2w, progenies of H2w, and other cell culture adapted hepatitis A virus were then carried out to obtain data on the molecular evolution of hepatitis A virus in the process of consecutive passage in KMB17 cells. RESULTS: Most of the mutations occurred by passage 5 and several hotspots related to adaptation of the virus during cell growth were observed. After that stage, few additional mutations occurred through the remaining duration of passage in KMB17 cells except for mutation in the virulence determinants, which occurred in the vicinity of passage 15. The phylogenetic analysis of the whole VP1 region suggested that the progenies of H2w evolved closely to other cell culture adapted hepatitis A virus, i.e. MBB, L-A-1, other than its progenitor H2w. CONCLUSION: Hepatitis A virus served as a useful model for studying molecular evolution of viruses in a given environment. The information obtained in this study may provide assistance in cultivating the next generation of a seed virus for live hepatitis A vaccine production.     

虾青素对人视网膜色素上皮细胞氧化损伤的保护作用

目的：：探讨虾青素(astaxanthin,AST)对过氧化氢(hydrogen peroxide,H2 O2)诱导人视网膜色素上皮细胞( retinal pigment epithelial cells,RPE)氧化损伤的保护作用。方法：人RPE细胞系传代培养,MTT检测细胞活力,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率,透射电镜观察超微结构变化。结果：MTT结果显示用10-8 mol/L和10-4 mol/L AST处理后, RPE 细胞活性分别提高到53.66％±3.25％和70.43％±2.38％,与氧化损伤组(38.76％±3.74％)比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);流式细胞计数结果显示,预先给予10-8 mol/L和10-4 mol/L的AST作用后, RPE细胞凋亡率分别下降到30.23％±1.91％和12.58％±2.12％,与氧化损伤组(42.50％±1.94％)比较,差异具有统计学意义( P<0.05)。电镜观察结果显示,伴随AST作用浓度的增加,细胞形态亦逐渐得到改善。结论：AST可以抑制H2 O2诱导的人RPE细胞的凋亡,从而为寻求有效的防治视网膜损伤的药物提供可靠的实验依据。     

隧道刀制作双层巩膜瓣的青光眼小梁切除术后疗效观察

目的：：探讨隧道刀制作双层巩膜瓣并切除层间巩膜瓣的青光眼小梁切除术的临床疗效。方法：采用随机分组方法,将46例60眼青光眼患者分为治疗组24例32眼和对照组22例28眼。前者用隧道刀制作双层巩膜瓣,浅层巩膜瓣大小约为5mm×5.5mm,1/3巩膜厚度,瓣下再做一大小约3.5mm×4mm的巩膜瓣,1/3巩膜厚度,切除中间层的巩膜瓣,切除2mm×2mm小梁组织,常规行虹膜周边切除,可调节缝线缝合浅层巩膜瓣,缝合球筋膜、球结膜;后者行常规青光眼小梁切除术。结果：术后随访1a,治疗组视力明显优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者术后眼压均明显低于术前眼压。术后1,3 mo时,两组患者的眼压比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但术后6,12mo检查发现,治疗组患者的眼压明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1a治疗组和对照组的累积完全成功率分别为90.63％和75％,两组的累积条件成功率分别为96.88％和89.29％,两组比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论：隧道刀制作双层巩膜瓣并切除层间巩膜瓣的小梁切除术降眼压效果好,巩膜瓣厚薄均匀、表面光滑,滤过泡功能维持时间长,术后并发症少,适用于多种类型的青光眼,值得临床推广。     

Pharmacological targeting of GSK3β confers protection against podocytopathy and proteinuria by desensitizing mitochondrial permeability transition

Background and Purpose

Mitochondrial dysfunction, triggered by mitochondria permeability transition (MPT), has been centrally implicated in the pathogenesis of podocytopathy and involves a multitude of cell signalling mechanisms, among which, glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β has emerged as the integration point and plays a crucial role. This study aimed to examine the role of GSK3β in podocyte MPT and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Experimental Approach

The regulatory effect of GSK3β on MPT was examined in differentiated podocytes in culture and in a murine model of adriamycin-induced podocytopathy using 4-benzyl-2-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazolidine-3,5-dione (TDZD-8), a highly selective small-molecule inhibitor of GSK3β.

Key Results

TDZD-8 therapy prominently ameliorated the proteinuria and glomerular sclerosis in mice with adriamycin nephropathy; this was associated with a correction of GSK3β overactivity in the glomerulus and attenuation of podocyte injuries, including foot process effacement and podocyte death. Consistently, in adriamycin-injured podocytes, TDZD-8 treatment counteracted GSK3β overactivity, improved cell viability and prevented death, concomitant with diminished oxidative stress, improved mitochondrial dysfunction and desensitized MPT. Mechanistically, a discrete pool of GSK3β was found in podocyte mitochondria, which interacted with and phosphorylated clyclophilin F, a key structural component of the MPT pore. TDZD-8 treatment prevented the GSK3β-controlled phosphorylation and activation of cyclophilin F, desensitized MPT and alleviated the damage to mitochondria in podocytes induced by adriamycin in vivo and in vitro.

Conclusions and Implications

Our findings suggest that pharmacological targeting of GSK3β could represent a promising and feasible therapeutic strategy for protecting podocytes against mitochondrial dysfunction induced by oxidative injuries.